1999 Atlantic hurricane season (Steve's reimagined)

The 1999 Atlantic hurricane season was a very active season which produced 16 depressions, of which 15 strengthened to become a tropical storm, 8 became hurricanes and 5 strengthened to major hurricane status (C3+ on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale). Two of the major hurricanes strengthened further to attain Category 5 status (Floyd and Lenny); both Cat. 5s were retired for causing extreme damage to affected areas. Lenny also became the strongest Atlantic hurricane on record. The season began on June 1, 1999, and it ended on November 30, 1999, dates of which conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. However, Ophelia existed in December, pushing the season's boundary past the official deadline.

Many of the storms in this season affected land. The most destructive hurricane, Hurricane Floyd, tracked through the Windward Islands, Yucatan Peninsula, and the US Gulf Coast, causing a total of $19 billion dollars in damage and 789 deaths along the way. It was also the second strongest of the season, after Lenny the record-breaker. Lenny, the strongest of the season, attained a record-breaking strength of 190 mph and 881 mbars, this was stronger than previous record-holder Gilbert in 1988. It also caused extreme damage in Central America. Lenny and Floyd were the only very destructive storms; all the other landfalling storms were tropical storms when they made landfall and weren't nearly as destructive as the two beasts.

The cause of the season's activity could be linked to a strong La Niña. A La Nina helps warm the Atlantic and make it more favorable, and it cools down the waters of the Pacific and increases wind shear there. The La Nina was most likely the cause of the season's high activity for the time.

Season summary
The season began when the first named storm, Arlene, formed on June 4. It was a moderate tropical storm in the western Caribbean, later making landfall in the Yucatan. Unfavorable conditions across the Atlantic halted activity for more than a month before Bret formed near the Bahamas in early July. During this quiet period, a weak depression briefly existed near the Windward Islands in late June. Bret rapidly strengthened to a Category 3 and becoming the first major of the season under favorable conditions. The next storm, Tropical Storm Cindy formed in the western Caribbean in mid-July and moved northward to make landfall in the southeast US. Dennis followed in early August, and it was the first Cape-Verde type hurricane in the season. It strengthened to a strong Category 1, but no land was harmed through its path. After that, Emily formed in mid-August and struck the Lesser Antilles as a TS, later strengthening to a Category 2 and affecting Bermuda before dissipating. Floyd, the most destructive of the season, formed in mid-late August and struck the Windwards immediately after forming. It rapidly strengthened and struck the Yucatan as a Category 5 beast and Louisiana right after weakening to a Cat. 4. The peak strength of Floyd was 175 mph/904 mbars. Due to Floyd's destruction, the name was eventually retired in the spring of 2000 with its replacement being Franklin for 2005. On the same day that Floyd formed, Gert formed in the Bay of Campeche and peaked as a moderate TS before striking Veracruz, Mexico. Harvey followed up in late August and was a strong TS that didn't do anything on land save for some rainfall on Bermuda, and Irene formed in early September and was a Category 2 Cape-Verde type hurricane that struck the Azores before dying out. Jose, a classic Cape-Verde type major hurricane, formed near the Cape Verdes near the average peak of the season (September 9) and it strengthened to a Category 4 while north of the Lesser Antilles. It later curved and struck Newfoundland as a tropical storm. The follow-up storm, Katrina, formed in late-September and was a weak TS that struck near Jacksonville, Florida. Lenny, the strongest storm ever on record, formed in early October in the western Caribbean. Very favorable conditions caused the rapid strengthening of Lenny to record-breaking intensities. It then made landfall in Belize as a weaker Category 5 and it reached Veracruz, Mexico as a Category 2. Lenny caused extreme destruction and a massive amount of deaths in Central America, resulting in the name being retired in the spring of 2000 and a replacement of Lee being chosen for 2005. Next up, Maria formed in mid-October in the eastern Caribbean and struck the Lesser Antilles soon afterwards. Once Maria moved out into the Atlantic, it quickly strengthened to Category 3 strength before dissipating east of Newfoundland. Nate followed up in mid-November in the western Caribbean and it struck Nicaragua very soon after forming. It later strengthened to a strong TS and caused impacts in Cuba and Florida before making landfall in the Carolinas, still as a TS. Nate dissipated soon after landfall but contributed to a massive-scale nor-easter throughout the east coast. The final storm, Ophelia, formed in early-mid December, after the official end of the season. It was subtropical in nature and peaked at strong TS strength before dissipating on December 17, ending the long and destructive season.

Overall, this was a very destructive season, especially due to Floyd and Lenny.

Seasonal forecasts
Coming soon :)

Storm names
The following names were used to name tropical cyclones this year. This is the same list used in the 1993 season. The names Lenny, Maria, Nate, and Ophelia were used for the first time this year. The names not retired from this list were used again in 2005. Unused names are marked in

Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE)
ACE is the result of a storm's winds multiplied by how long it lasted for, so storms that lasted a long time, as well as particularly strong hurricanes, have higher ACE totals. 1999 was active in these terms; with an ACE total of (TBA). Tropical depressions and subtropical storms, namely Subtropical Storm Ophelia, are not included in season totals.

ACE chart coming soon :)

Season effects
This is a table of the storms and their effects in the 1999 Atlantic hurricane season. This table includes the storm's names, duration, peak intensity, Areas affected, damages, and death totals. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave or a low. All of the damage figures are in 1999 USD (the listed damage figure is in millions).

Season effects chart coming soon :)

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