NOTICE: THIS IS IN NO WAY BASED ON REAL LIFE STORMS - THE STORMS LISTED HERE ARE ENTIRELY FICTIONAL FOR THE YEAR, AND DO NOT REPRESENT THE SEASON IN THE PHYSICAL WORLD
The 2025 Atlantic hurricane season was the third in a row of above average seasons, and the least active of the four. It was one of the most damaging and deadly seasons on record, with 13 named storms, 8 hurricanes, and 4 major hurricanes, contributing to a damage toll of over $103 billion (2025 USD), one of the costliest seasons on record. Melissa was the costliest storm on record in Puerto Rico, as well as the latest forming and peaking Category 5 hurricane in the Atlantic basin, existing entirely within the boundaries of the month of November. It was also the most powerful storm to make landfall in Puerto Rico since 1928, and the most powerful November Atlantic hurricane since 1932.
The season officially began on June 1, 2025, and ended on November 30, 2025. These dates historically describe the period each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin and are adopted by convention. However, Hurricane Andrea formed on May 17, two weeks before the official start of the season. Chantal was a rare July hurricane. Dexter was a destructive Central American rainmaker in mid-August, while Erin was a Cabo Verde major peaking in late August before recurving towards Europe, also becoming the highest ACE producer of the season, with 13.1825 points. Fernand was a Gulf Stream major hurricane, and Gabrielle was a destructive Category 2 when it made landfall in the Outer Banks of North Carolina. Imelda was a relatively destructive Caribbean Category 4 hurricane when it made landfall in Belize, and Jerry was a rare tropical storm that made landfall in Trinidad and Tobago, as well as South America. Karen was an average October hurricane, and Thirteen was a weak Gulf of Mexico depression that stalled over the U.S. Gulf Coast without bringing significant rainfall. Meanwhile, Lorenzo was a weak Bay of Campeche storm in late October. The most notable storm of the season was Melissa, an extremely rare Atlantic November Category 5 hurricane, breaking numerous records along its path of destruction that intersected with Puerto Rico, becoming the worst storm in Puerto Rican history by monetary damages, and the costliest Atlantic hurricane after October.
The season was initially forecast to feature well above average activity due to a strong La Niña. However La Niña did not end up being as strong as predicted. The activity in terms of storm numbers was above average. However, the ACE was on the very low end of near normal, due to most storms being relatively short-lived.
Seasonal forecasts[]
| Source | Date | Named
storms |
Hurricanes | Major
hurricanes | |
| Average (1981–2010) | 12.1 | 6.4 | 2.7 | ||
| Record high activity | 28 | 15 | 7 | ||
| Record low activity | 4 | 2† | 0† | ||
| ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– | |||||
| TSR | December 9, 2024 | 19 | 10 | 7 | |
| TSR | April 6, 2025 | 15 | 8 | 6 | |
| NOAA | April 6, 2025 | 17 | 9 | 6 | |
| CSU | April 6, 2025 | 13 | 6 | 3 | |
| CSU | June 1, 2025 | 14 | 8 | 4 | |
| TSR | June 1, 2025 | 17 | 9 | 5 | |
| NOAA | June 1, 2025 | 13 | 8 | 5 | |
| UKMO | July 9, 2025 | 19 | 13 | 7 | |
| NOAA | August 7, 2025 | 12 | 6 | 3 | |
| CSU | August 7, 2025 | 14 | 7 | 3 | |
| TSR | August 7, 2025 | 13 | 8 | 5 | |
| ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– | |||||
| Actual activity | 13 | 8 | 4 | ||
In advance of, and during, each hurricane season, several forecasts of hurricane activity are issued by national meteorological services, scientific agencies, and noted hurricane experts. These include forecasters from the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s National Hurricane and Climate Prediction Center, Tropical Storm Risk, the United Kingdom's Met Office, and Philip J. Klotzbach, William M. Gray, and their associates at Colorado State University (CSU). The forecasts include weekly and monthly changes in significant factors that help determine the number of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a particular year. According to NOAA and CSU, the average Atlantic hurricane season between 1981 and 2010 contained roughly 12 tropical storms, six hurricanes, three major hurricanes, and an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index of 66–103 units. NOAA typically categorizes a season as either above-average, average, or below-average based on the cumulative ACE Index, but the number of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a hurricane season are considered occasionally as well.
Pre-season outlooks[]
On December 9, 2024, TSR once again issued the first outlook on the upcoming season, predicting 19 named storms, 10 hurricanes, and 7 major hurricanes, with an ACE rating above 160, citing the extremely good conditions carrying over from the 2023 and 2024 seasons, and a strong La Niña that was likely to be present in the Atlantic. On April 6, the TSR released their prediction once again, lowering the named storm count from 19 to 15, the hurricane count from 10 to 8, and the major hurricane count from 7 to 6, due to an apparent worsening of conditions in the basin. NOAA released their prediction on the same day, as well as CSU, with NOAA predicting 17 storms, 9 hurricanes, and 6 major hurricanes, and CSU predicting 13 named storms, 6 hurricanes, and 3 major hurricanes. All three forecasts cited that the La Niña had weakened to a moderate La Niña and could weaken to a weak Niña later in the season.
Mid-season outlooks[]
On June first, CSU, TSR, and NOAA released their forecasts for the season, predicting slightly above average activity. CSU predicted 14 storms, 8 hurricanes, and 4 major hurricanes, deeming that the conditions improved since their April 6 forecast. TSR also upgraded their forecast, with 17 named storms, 9 hurricanes, but 5 major hurricanes, determining that conditions were less favorable for major hurricanes but otherwise were favorable for tropical cyclogenesis. NOAA released their second forecast for the season, predicting 4 fewer storms, 1 fewer hurricane and 1 fewer major hurricane than their previous forecast in April. On July 9, UKMO released their prediction, calling for 19 named storms, 13 hurricanes, 7 major hurricanes, and an ACE well into 200, stating that it could potentially be a record-breaking season, due to possible restrengthening in La Niña. NOAA released their last forecast update on August 7, predicting 12 named storms, 6 hurricanes, and 3 major hurricanes, due to "constantly degrading La Niña that could become an El Niño by December". The CSU released their last prediction on the same day, predicting 14 named storms, 7 hurricanes, and 3 major hurricanes, due to "near average" conditions. And finally, the TSR released their last prediction on August 7 as well, predicting 13 named storms, 8 hurricanes, and 5 major hurricanes, with an overall near normal ACE value.
Seasonal summary[]
The Atlantic hurricane season officially started on June 1, 2025. A slightly above average season in terms of formation, the season produced 15 depressions, 13 of which became storms, a further 8 of the storms became hurricanes, and 4 of the hurricanes became major hurricanes. Overall, most of the systems were directed into the western Atlantic, which contributed to a medium amount of landfalls. Overall, 2,466 deaths were recorded, with the deadliest storm being Melissa, and over $103.464 billion (2025 USD) in damage was done, one of the costliest seasons in the Atlantic basin. The most notable storm of the season was Hurricane Melissa, which peaked in November as a Category 5 hurricane, and made landfall in Puerto Rico at peak intensity, breaking several records. While the storm numbers were above average, the ACE was not, mostly because of short-lived storms. The season officially ended on November 30, 2025.
The first system, Hurricane Andrea, developed on May 17, two weeks before the official start of the season. Tropical Depression Two formed in mid-June, but could not intensify to a tropical storm because of unfavorable conditions in the Main Development Region. The next named storm, Barry, developed on July 8 from a cut-off extratropical cyclone and peaked nearly as a hurricane, staying relatively far north for its whole lifetime. The next hurricane, Chantal, developed on July 11, and peaked while making landfall in Cuba. Dexter, meanwhile, existed in mid- to late-August as a short-lived tropical storm, later regenerating to an extremely short-lived tropical depression. Erin, meanwhile, was the highest ACE producer of the season as it peaked in late August near Cabo Verde, the first major hurricane of the season.
Fernand was a relatively short-lived major hurricane in the Gulf Stream in early September. Meanwhile, Gabrielle was one of the more destructive storms of the season, peaking as a Category 2 while making landfall in the Outer Banks of North Carolina. Humberto struck areas impacted by Gabrielle just a few days later as a moderate storm, and Imelda caused high levels of destruction when it made landfall in Belize as a Category 4. Jerry was a short-lived October tropical storm, and one of a few to make landfall in South America. Karen was an average October Main Development Region and Caribbean hurricane, becoming a Category 2 before hitting Florida as a tropical storm. Tropical Depression Thirteen stalled over the U.S. Gulf Coast, but failed to bring significant amounts of rainfall to the area. Lorenzo was a short-lived Bay of Campeche storm, forming from a Central American Gyre and making landfall in Veracruz as a weak storm. The final storm of the season, Melissa, was a record breaking November Category 5 hurricane when it made landfall in Puerto Rico at peak intensity, causing incredible damage and devastation.
The season's activity was reflected with an Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) rating of 63.96, which was below the 1981–2010 median of 92. Broadly speaking, ACE is a measure of the power of a tropical storm multiplied by the length of time it existed. Therefore, a storm with a longer duration or stronger intensity, such as Erin and Melissa, will have high ACE values. ACE is only calculated for full advisories on specific tropical and subtropical systems reaching or exceeding wind speeds of 39 mph (6 km/h). Accordingly, tropical and subtropical depressions are not included here. After the storm has dissipated, typically after the end of the season, the NHC reexamines the data, and produces a final report on each storm. These revisions can lead to a revised ACE total either upward or downward compared to the operational value.
Systems[]
Hurricane Andrea[]
| Category 1 hurricane (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | May 17 – May 20 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 75 mph (120 km/h) (1-min) 987 mbar (hPa) |
In mid-May, a broad area of low pressure over the Caribbean Sea organized into an Area of Interest. At 00:00 UTC May 16, the National Hurricane Center designated the disturbance as Potential Tropical Cyclone One. At 15:00 UTC May 16, the disturbance made landfall on the island of Cozumel, and at 18:00 UTC, the Mexican Mainland, in the state of Quintana Roo, on the Yucatán Peninsula. At 18:00 UTC May 17, the Potential Tropical Cyclone was designated as Subtropical Depression One by the National Hurricane Center, because it had enough convection, as well as organized circulation. As the Subtropical Depression moved north across the Gulf of Mexico, it slowly intensified in marginally favorable conditions, and at 06:00 UTC May 18, was upgraded to a Subtropical Storm, and was named Andrea. At 18:00 UTC May 18, Andrea was upgraded to a fully tropical system, and continued intensifying as it moved towards landfall in Florida. At 12:00 UTC May 19, it peaked as a minimal Category 1 hurricane and made landfall in the Walton and Bay counties of Florida, and after that started weakening. By 18:00 UTC, Andrea was a tropical storm, and by 06:00 UTC May 20, it weakened to a tropical depression. It became a remnant low at 18:00 UTC, and its last advisory was issued at 00:00 UTC May 21, while it was located over western North Carolina, in the Appalachian Mountains.
Andrea was overall not a majorly damaging storm, only bringing $75 million (2025 USD) in damages, and causing 17 deaths. In Mexico, specifically the Yucatán Peninsula, the precursor cyclone brought moderate rainfall, causing $5 million (2025 USD) in damages and 12 deaths. In the Florida Panhandle, where Andrea made landfall as a Category 1 hurricane, $70 million (2025 USD) in damages and 5 deaths were recorded, mostly from the winds and rainfall brought by the storm.
Tropical Depression Two[]
| Tropical depression (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | June 12 – June 13 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min) 1007 mbar (hPa) |
In early June, a tropical low emerged off of the coast of Africa. It slowly organized, eventually getting marked by the National Hurricane Center as an Area of Interest, just after crossing Cabo Verde. At 00:00 UTC June 11, the National Hurricane Center gave it a HIGH chance of formation within 2 days. At 12:00 UTC June 12, the National Hurricane Center determined that the low had an organized surface circulation, as well as stable convection, and deemed the low to be a tropical depression, the second of the season. Tropical Depression Two-L peaked at 00:00 UTC June 13, before starting a weakening trend due to wind shear and dry air intrusion. By 18:00 UTC June 13, it had become a remnant low as its circulation collapsed, and at 00:00 UTC June 14, its last advisory was issued, while it was not far away from crossing into the Caribbean Sea.
While tropical storm watches were issued in the eastern Windward and Leeward islands in anticipation of the storm's arrival, conditions got unfavorable for the depression far before it could bring storm winds to the islands. Overall, Tropical Depression Two-L caused no damage to any property, and no deaths.
Tropical Storm Barry[]
| Tropical storm (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | July 8 – July 12 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 70 mph (110 km/h) (1-min) 985 mbar (hPa) |
In early July, an extratropical low started moving along the Gulf Stream, while slowly organizing. The National Hurricane Center tracked it as an Area of Interest with a MEDIUM chance of tropical cyclogenesis within the next 5 days. At 00:00 UTC July 7, the extratropical system started to leave the Gulf Stream as the National Hurricane Center increased its chances of formation to HIGH. At 18:00 UTC July 8, as the system moved rather erratically through the Northern Atlantic Ocean, it had gained enough convection, and a circulation organized enough, to be classified as a subtropical storm, and was named Barry. Barry continuously but slowly intensified, as well as slowly started gaining fully tropical characteristics. At 06:00 UTC July 10, the National Hurricane Center deemed Barry to be a fully tropical system. At 12:00 UTC, Barry peaked with a pressure of 985 mbar and wind speeds of 60 knots (70 mph), before weakening after turning north into cooler Sea Surface Temperatures. However, while Barry was about to pass the Azores at 06:00 UTC July 11 from the west, its weakening stopped, and it started an extratropical transition, with baroclinicity taking over its intensity. At 06:00 UTC July 12, Barry finally transitioned into a fully extratropical cyclone, and so the National Hurricane Center issued its last advisory on the system, stating that it was extratropical, and had no chance of regeneration. Its extratropical remnant low eventually struck Western Europe, bringing storm force winds there.
While tropical storm warnings were issued in the Azores in anticipation for the storm's arrival, eventually, Barry went to the northwest of Azores, causing minor damages there. Overall, Barry resulted in minimal damage and no deaths.
Hurricane Chantal[]
| Category 1 hurricane (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | July 11 – July 16 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min) 981 mbar (hPa) |
In early July, a tropical wave formed over western Africa and moved across the Main Development Region of the North Atlantic. On July 8, the National Hurricane Center gave it a HIGH chance of formation in two days as it moved into the Caribbean sea. At 00:00 UTC July 10, the National Hurricane Center designated it as a Potential Tropical Cyclone as tropical storm watches were issued in Nicaragua, Honduras, and Cuba. As the system slowly organized and intensified, at 00:00 UTC July 11, the National Hurricane Center decided it had become a tropical depression, thus becoming the 4th tropical cyclone of the season. Intensification continued, and as the depression made a northeasterly turn, at 00:00 UTC July 12, it was upgraded to a tropical storm and named Chantal. Chantal slowly moved towards a landfall in Cuba, and at 12:00 UTC July 13, made landfall in Isla de la Juventud as a minimal Category 1 hurricane, the second of the season. After landfall, it weakened to a tropical storm before making another landfall, in the province of Mayabeque in Cuba, as a tropical storm, at 18:00 UTC. A few hours later Chantal emerged into the straits of Florida, but did not have time to reintensify, and made landfall in the Collier County of Florida as a high end tropical storm at 06:00 UTC July 14. Chantal moved over the entire Florida peninsula before emerging back into the Atlantic Ocean at 18:00 UTC, near Cape Canaveral. However, in only marginally favorable conditions, Chantal was unable to reintensify, and made landfall in the Charleston County of South Carolina at 12:00 UTC July 15, as a tropical storm. After landfall, Chantal weakened, and by 00:00 UTC July 16, had weakened to a tropical depression. At 12:00 UTC, while located over the Appalachian Mountains, Chantal degenerated into a remnant low, producing moderate rainfall over the Appalachians.
Chantal was a moderately damaging storm, costing $175 million (2025 USD) to all areas it affected, and causing 19 fatalities. In Cuba, the storm did a majority of its damage, costing $100 million (2025 USD), as well as causing 11 deaths, due to high winds or rainfall, as well as rip currents. In Florida, Chantal did about $50 million (2025 USD) in damages as it crossed the entire state, killing 5. Most of Chantal's damage in Florida came from winds and rainfall, as well as most of its deaths. In South Carolina and the Appalachians, the storm did the remaining $25 million (2025 USD) in damages and 3 in deaths, causing most of its damage there by rainfall.
Tropical Storm Dexter[]
| Tropical storm (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | August 17 – August 20 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min) 995 mbar (hPa) |
A broad area of low pressure that formed in the Caribbean gained in convection and organization on August 15, and delivered rain to Nicaragua, causing numerous mudslides. It moved northwest, and at 00:00 UTC August 17, tropical storm warnings were issued for the state of Quintana Roo and the island of Cozumel, and the broad area of low pressure was designated as a Potential Tropical Cyclone. It slowly gained in convective activity, and at 18:00 UTC August 17, was designated as a tropical depression based on satellite measurements. The newly formed depression continued to slowly intensify, and at 06:00 UTC August 18, based on satellite measurements, was upgraded to a tropical storm and named Dexter, while it made landfall in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo at peak intensity. By 12:00 UTC it had weakened to a tropical depression, and by 00:00 UTC August 19, it had degenerated into a remnant low. However, its surface circulation, while tenuous, remained, and as it moved southwest over the Yucatán Peninsula, it started reorganizing its convection. At 12:00 UTC August 20, while making landfall in the Mexican state of Tabasco, it was re-designated as a tropical depression, due to a defined circulation and good convective activity. However, by 18:00 UTC, it had degenerated into a remnant low again. The remnant low dissipated shortly after 06:00 UTC August 21, being torn apart by the Mexican mountains.
Dexter was a devastating rainmaker storm in Central America, resulting in $50 million (2025 USD) in damages and 357 deaths. Most of the damages and deaths occurred in southern Mexico, where the storm stalled or moved very slowly for prolonged periods of time. In the state of Quintana Roo alone, $20 million (2025 USD) in damages and 153 deaths were reported. In the rest of the Yucatán Peninsula, another 107 fatalities were recorded, as well as $10 million (2025 USD) in damages. The rest of the damages came from the states of Tabasco and Veracruz, where rainfall resulted in $20 million (2025 USD) in damages, and 97 deaths. The damages and deaths went unreported from other nations, so the damage and death toll could be much higher than currently known.
Hurricane Erin[]
| Category 3 hurricane (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | August 25 – September 1 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 125 mph (205 km/h) (1-min) 961 mbar (hPa) |
On August 24, a group of thunderstorms emerged off of the western coast of Africa into the Atlantic ocean, and slowly moved west, towards Cabo Verde. At 00:00 UTC August 25, Tropical Storm warnings were issued for the entirety of Cabo Verde, and thus the area of thunderstorms was designated as a Potential Tropical Cyclone. At 18:00 UTC, while it was about to pass through the Cabo Verde archipelago, the National Hurricane Center determined that it was a tropical depression, the sixth of the season. At 06:00 UTC August 26, satellite measurements and surface observations in Cabo Verde indicated that the depression had storm force winds, thus it was upgraded to one and named Erin. Erin slowly moved west-northwest, as its intensification remained steady and slow. At 06:00 UTC August 27, Erin was upgraded to a category 1 hurricane. At 18:00 UTC, it became the first category 2 hurricane of the season. At 00:00 UTC August 28, Erin became the first major hurricane of the season, as a low end category 3. Erin peaked at 06:00 UTC, before starting an eyewall replacement cycle. At 18:00 UTC, it had weakened to a category 2 hurricane. By 18:00 UTC August 29, it was a category 1. At 18:00 UTC August 30, Erin had weakened to a tropical storm as it moved north-northeast, towards Europe. At 06:00 UTC September 1, based on satellite observations, Erin was reclassified to an extratropical cyclone, while located south of the Azores.
Erin was a mostly benign storm, resulting in minimal damages and 7 deaths. In west Africa, the rainfall of Erin's precursor resulted in 4 deaths. Rainfall in Cabo Verde caused numerous minor mudslides, killing 3.
Hurricane Fernand[]
| Category 3 hurricane (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | August 31 – September 4 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 115 mph (185 km/h) (1-min) 958 mbar (hPa) |
An area of thunderstorms moved through the Bahamas in late August. It had a moderate chance of tropical cyclogenesis as determined by the National Hurricane Center. At 00:00 UTC August 31, it was given a HIGH chance of formation within 2 days, while located northeast of the Bahamas and very slowly moving west. At 12:00 UTC, it became a tropical depression and sharply turned north north-east. At 00:00 UTC September 1, the depression was upgraded to a storm based on satellite measurements, and was named Fernand. Fernand continued to slowly intensify as it moved parallel to the Eastern Seaboard, and was upgraded to a hurricane at 00:00 UTC September 2, the fourth hurricane of the season. At 12:00 UTC September 2, Fernand was upgraded to a category 2 hurricane, the second one of the season, and at 18:00 UTC, became the second major hurricane of the season, as a low end category 3. By 00:00 UTC September 3, Fernand weakened to a category 2 hurricane, and by 12:00 UTC, a category 1 hurricane. At 06:00 UTC September 4, just after passing Newfoundland to its southeast, Fernand weakened to a tropical storm. At 18:00 UTC September 4, the National Hurricane Center deemed Fernand to have degenerated into an extratropical cyclone, and thus issued its last advisory on now Extratropical Storm Fernand.
Fernand was a relatively mild storm in terms of land impacts, causing $20 million (2025 USD) in damages and 3 deaths across the entire Eastern Seaboard and Atlantic Canada. In North Carolina, one person drowned due to a rip tide, and $5 million (2025 USD) in damages was recorded, mostly from high winds. In Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, $10 million (2025 USD) in damages were recorded, as well as two deaths. The remaining $5 million (2025 USD) of damages were recorded in the rest of the Eastern Seaboard.
Hurricane Gabrielle[]
| Category 2 hurricane (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | September 3 – September 9 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 110 mph (175 km/h) (1-min) 964 mbar (hPa) |
In early September, an area of low pressure in the Caribbean was given a MEDIUM chance of development by the National Hurricane Center. At 00:00 UTC September 3, the National Hurricane Center gave the system a HIGH chance of development, as it gained in convection and organization. At 18:00 UTC, the system was designated as a tropical depression when a defined circulation was found. It moved northwest, towards landfall in Jamaica, and very slowly intensified. At 06:00 UTC September 4, the depression was found to have tropical storm force winds, and thus was upgraded, and given the name Gabrielle. At 12:00 UTC, Gabrielle made landfall in southern Jamaica, and over 6 hours moved across the entire island, with its organization getting moderately disrupted. Gabrielle had little time to intensify before it hit the Cuban province of Las Tunas as a tropical storm at 06:00 UTC September 5. Gabrielle moved over Cuba for a little over 6 hours, emerging into the open Atlantic ocean as a weakened tropical depression. Moving through the Bahamas, the depression picked up warm water vapor which helped it to reintensify, becoming a tropical storm again at 12:00 UTC September 6, moving generally north. At 06:00 UTC September 7, Gabrielle became a hurricane, as it neared landfall in the North Carolina outer banks. At 00:00 UTC September 8, Gabrielle became the third category 2 hurricane in a row, while just 12 hours away from landfall. At 12:00 UTC September 8, Gabrielle made landfall in the southern Outer Banks of North Carolina at its peak intensity, just short of category 3 status. By 18:00 UTC it had moved well inland and weakened to a category 1 as it turned northeast. By 00:00 UTC September 9 it had weakened to a tropical storm as it made landfall in Delmarva Peninsula, and by 06:00 UTC it moved very close to the shores of New Jersey and New York City, still a tropical storm when it made landfall in Long Island at 09:00 UTC. By 12:00 UTC, Gabrielle finally was designated as an extratropical storm, but tracking for it continued until 00:00 UTC September 10, after which tracking was discontinued.
Gabrielle was a moderately to heavily damaging storm, resulting in $734 million (2025 USD) in damages, as well as 34 deaths. Its impacts in Jamaica were minor, with only $3 million (2025 USD) in damages and 1 death, caused by a mudslide. In Cuba, moderate flooding resulted in $10 million (2025 USD) in damages and 3 deaths. In the Bahamas, strong winds resulted in minimal damages and 1 death. The rest of the damages occurred along the Eastern Seaboard. In North Carolina, $709 million (2025 USD) in damages were recorded, as well as 26 deaths, mainly from flooding in the mainland, and storm surge and strong winds in the Outer Banks. In the Delmarva Peninsula and the northeast, $12 million (2025 USD) in damages and another 3 deaths were recorded.
Tropical Storm Humberto[]
| Tropical storm (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | September 9 – September 12 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min) 997 mbar (hPa) |
At 00:00 UTC September 9, an organizing system of thunderstorms north of Puerto Rico, approaching the Bahamas, was given a HIGH chance of tropical cyclogenesis by the National Hurricane Center. At 18:00 UTC of the same day, the system of thunderstorms organized into a tropical depression as determined by the National Hurricane Center. As it moved northwest, it continued intensifying, and at 18:00 UTC September 10, the depression was upgraded to a tropical storm based on recon aircraft flights, and was named Humberto. Humberto continued to slowly intensify, and peaked at landfall in the Outer Banks of North Carolina, at 18:00 UTC September 11, where Gabrielle struck just 3 days earlier. By 00:00 UTC September 12, Humberto crossed the entire Outer Banks region, and moved along the entire Delmarva Peninsula before weakening to a Tropical Depression at 06:00 UTC, almost centered on the eastern shores of the Peninsula. It made landfall in NYC at 12:00 UTC, before degenerating into a remnant low at 18:00 UTC. Its last advisory was issued at 12:00 UTC September 13, by which point Humberto was located near Nova Scotia.
Humberto resulted in minor damages, with $20 million (2025 USD) in damages and 2 deaths, all from the Outer Banks of North Carolina, caused by minor flooding and storm force winds.
Hurricane Imelda[]
| Category 4 hurricane (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | September 18 – September 22 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 130 mph (215 km/h) (1-min) 947 mbar (hPa) |
At 00:00 UTC September 18, a tropical low that moved all the way from the western coast of Africa over several days was given a HIGH chance of formation by the National Hurricane Center. At 12:00 UTC, the National Hurricane Center deemed the low to have become a tropical depression, while tropical storm watches were issued for Quintana Roo and Belize, as well as northeastern Central America. At 00:00 UTC September 19, the depression was found to have tropical storm winds, and was upgraded to a tropical storm and given the name Imelda. Intensification continued, and at 18:00 UTC, Imelda was upgraded to a hurricane based on satellite readings. At 00:00 UTC September 20, Imelda was upgraded to a category 2, and at 06:00 UTC, a category 3, becoming the third major hurricane of the season. At 12:00 UTC, while making landfall in northern Belize, Imelda peaked as a low end category 4 hurricane, the most powerful and intense storm of the season yet, as well as one of the most intense hurricanes to ever make landfall in Belize. By 18:00 UTC, Imelda weakened to a category 2 overland, and by 00:00 UTC September 21, it had weakened to a category 1 hurricane. By 06:00 UTC, Imelda weakened to a tropical storm. However, in the Bay of Campeche, Imelda started to reintensify, and at 00:00 UTC September 22, made landfall in the Mexican state of Veracruz, as a minimal category 1 hurricane. By 06:00 UTC, it had weakened to a tropical storm once again, and by 12:00 UTC, it weakened to a tropical depression. At 18:00 UTC, the depression degenerated into a remnant low, due to its organization being shredded by the Mexican mountains. Its last advisory was issued at 00:00 UTC September 23.
Imelda was a heavily damaging storm in Northern Belize and Mexico, specifically Quintana Roo and Veracruz. In Belize and Quintana Roo, Imelda's category 4 landfall resulted in $378 million (2025 USD) of damages and 39 deaths, mostly caused by high winds and storm surge. A not-insignificant portion of Belmopan city was heavily damaged by high end category 3 or low end category 4 winds. In Veracruz, another $128 million (2025 USD) in damages and 21 deaths were recorded, this time mostly caused by rainfall. In other areas, $71 million (2025 USD) in damages and 7 deaths were recorded. Overall, Imelda resulted in $577 million (2025 USD) in damages, and 67 deaths, becoming one of the worst storms of the season.
Tropical Storm Jerry[]
| Tropical storm (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | October 2 – October 4 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min) 1001 mbar (hPa) |
In late September, a tropical wave began moving westward across the tropical Atlantic after emerging off of the western coast of Africa. At 00:00 UTC October 2, the wave was designated as a Potential Tropical Cyclone, because tropical storm warnings were issued for Trinidad and Tobago. At 18:00 UTC, the Potential Tropical Cyclone was re-designated as a Tropical Depression, because of Hurricane Hunters recon flights finding a defined circulation and depression force winds. The depression continued moving west-southwest, towards South America, very slowly intensifying. At 06:00 UTC October 3, the system made landfall in Trinidad and Tobago at peak intensity, and also was upgraded to a tropical storm, getting the name Jerry. By 12:00 UTC, Jerry weakened to a tropical depression as it made landfall in mainland South America. Jerry continued to persist as a tropical depression until 06:00 UTC October 4, when it was declared to be a remnant low. The last advisory for Jerry was issued at 12:00 UTC.
Jerry was a lightly damaging storm, due to not bringing high amounts of rainfall and not having particularly strong winds. Overall, $3 million (2025 USD) in damages and 7 deaths were recorded, a majority of them in mainland South America. In Trinidad and Tobago, $1 million (2025 USD) in damages was reported, and 3 deaths were recorded. In Trinidad and Tobago, the main cause of impacts was the tropical storm force winds, while in mainland South America, rain was more impactful than the wind.
Hurricane Karen[]
| Category 2 hurricane (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | October 7 – October 12 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 100 mph (155 km/h) (1-min) 973 mbar (hPa) |
In early October, a tropical wave started moving across the Main Development Region of the Atlantic. It had moderate convection and an elongated center, however the National Hurricane Center still gave it a MEDIUM chance of formation within 5 days. At 00:00 UTC October 7, the wave was designated as a Potential Tropical Cyclone due to the issuance of tropical storm watches in the northern Leeward Islands. The circulation of the system slowly became more organized and circular, and at 18:00 UTC, enough tropical characteristics were present in the system for it to be upgraded to a tropical depression. Intensification slowly continued as the depression turned northwest, and at 12:00 UTC October 8, just before striking the Northern Leeward islands, the depression was upgraded to a storm based on recon aircraft measurements and was named Karen. Karen maintained its northwesterly motion as it entered more favorable conditions north of Hispaniola, and at 00:00 UTC October 10, intensified into a hurricane, presenting a minor threat to Cuba and the Turks and Caicos islands, as well as the southern Bahamas. At 12:00 UTC, Karen became a category 2 hurricane. At 15:00 UTC, Karen's peak intensity was recorded, before wind shear and dry air took their effect on the system, weakening it to a category 1 at 00:00 UTC October 11. As Karen started moving away from Cuba and towards a landfall in Florida, it continued to weaken, making landfall in the Miami - Dade county of Florida at 18:00 UTC October 11, as a high end tropical storm. After landfall, Karen's structure quickly deteriorated, weakening to a tropical depression by 06:00 UTC October 12. At 00:00 UTC October 13, Karen degraded into a remnant low over Northern Florida, and at 06:00 UTC the National Hurricane Center issued its last advisory on the system. Afterwards, Karen's remnants continued to be a minor rainfall threat to the U.S. Southeast.
Karen was a mildly damaging but relatively deadly storm, resulting in $100 million (2025 USD) in damages but 35 deaths. In the Northern Leeward Islands, no damages were recorded, as tropical storms such as Karen are commonplace in the area. In Hispaniola, rainfall from Karen's southern bands caused 31 deaths in Haiti, all from mudslides. The monetary damages from Karen in Hispaniola are estimated to be $5 million (2025 USD). In Cuba, gusty winds and large waves caused by the storm being relatively close offshore as well as rainfall resulted in 2 deaths, and $25 million (2025 USD) in monetary damages. In Florida, Karen made landfall in the Miami - Dade county of southern Florida as a high end tropical storm, bringing moderate rainfall and moderate winds to the area - costing $70 million (2025 USD) over the entire state of Florida, and causing another 2 deaths. Karen's remnants brought moderate rainfall to the Southeastern U.S., however its damages are not associated with Karen.
Tropical Depression Thirteen[]
| Tropical depression (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | October 17 – October 19 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min) 1003 mbar (hPa) |
An area with developing thunderstorms in the Gulf of Mexico was given a HIGH chance of formation by the National Hurricane Center in mid October. At 00:00 UTC October 17, tropical storm watches were issued for the coasts of Mississippi, Alabama, and the Florida Panhandle, while the system was re-designated as a Potential Tropical Cyclone. A trend of organization continued as its weak elongated circulation became more well defined, and eventually at 18:00 UTC, the Potential Tropical Cyclone was re-classified as a tropical depression while making landfall in the Plaquemines Parish of Louisiana and moving generally east. After moving southeast for 6 hours, at 00:00 UTC October 18, the depression continued its northeasterly course influenced by an extratropical system. It was originally predicted to make landfall in the Florida Panhandle as a tropical storm, however it failed to intensify, which led to the depression making landfall in the Bay County of Florida at its peak intensity as a tropical depression, at 06:00 UTC October 19. 6 hours after landfall, at 12:00 UTC, the depression degenerated into a remnant low, and was eventually absorbed by an extratropical cyclone shortly after 00:00 UTC October 20.
Initially, Tropical Depression Thirteen was expected to be a damaging system due to its rainfall threat in the Gulf Coast, with tropical storm warnings being issued all the way from southern Louisiana to the very eastern end of the Florida Panhandle at the time the depression formed over southern Louisiana. Overall, Thirteen was a minor storm to the U.S. Gulf Coast, resulting in $10 million (2025 USD) in property damages over its path and no deaths. Its low damage and death tolls are mostly attributed to its lower than expected rainfall, and its weak intensity.
Tropical Storm Lorenzo[]
| Tropical storm (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | October 27 – October 28 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min) 999 mbar (hPa) |
A broad area of low pressure formed in the Caribbean in mid to late October. Tropical storm watches were issued at 00:00 UTC October 27, for the state of Veracruz, and the system was designated as a Potential Tropical Cyclone in the Bay of Campeche while moving generally west-northwest. At 12:00 UTC, the system was found to have a closed circulation, with a large amount of convective activity, and thus was re-designated as a tropical depression. Intensification was slow but nevertheless continued. At 00:00 UTC October 28, while making landfall in the Mexican state of Veracruz, the depression was found to have minimal storm force winds, and thus was upgraded to a tropical storm and named Lorenzo. After landfall, Lorenzo rapidly weakened, becoming a tropical depression by 06:00 UTC, and a remnant low by 12:00 UTC. The remnants dissipated shortly after 18:00 UTC, October 28.
Lorenzo was a mildly damaging storm when it made landfall in the Mexican state of Veracruz as a minimal tropical storm, as well as bringing rain with its outer bands to southern and northern Mexico. Overall, minimal damages were recorded mostly in the states of Tabasco and Veracruz, as well as 3 deaths, all caused by rainfall. The landfall area received minimal storm force sustained winds, and overall wind damages were limited to small objects getting carried away.
Hurricane Melissa[]
| Category 5 hurricane (NHC) | |
  | |
| Duration | November 7 – November 12 |
|---|---|
| Peak intensity | 160 mph (260 km/h) (1-min) 918 mbar (hPa) |
An area of low pressure that produced sustained convection over the Caribbean sea was given a HIGH chance of development within two days by the National Hurricane Center, at 00:00 UTC November 7, while located just north of Colombia. It then started moving in the unusual direction of east-northeast, slowly developing organized circulation. Eventually, the system was determined to have well defined circulation, and thus developed into a tropical depression just north of Venezuela at 18:00 UTC November 7. At 06:00 UTC November 8, a Hurricane Hunters aircraft confirmed that the depression had sustained storm force winds, and thus it was upgraded to a storm and named Melissa. Models predicted Melissa to make landfall in Puerto Rico as a high end tropical storm to a hurricane, thus hurricane watches were issued for the entirety of the island at the same time Melissa was named. Intensification continued in unusually favorable conditions, and Melissa was upgraded to a category 1 hurricane at 00:00 UTC November 9, again based on Hurricane Hunters aircraft flights. At the same time, the hurricane watches in Puerto Rico were upgraded to hurricane warnings. At 06:00 UTC, Melissa became a category 2 hurricane, and at the same time a state of emergency was issued for the entire island of Puerto Rico as forecasts were now calling for a major hurricane to make landfall in southern Puerto Rico within 12 hours.
As Melissa caught Puerto Ricans off guard, no evacuations were issued by the time Melissa became a category 4 hurricane at 12:00 UTC, still rapidly intensifying as it moved straight for Puerto Rico. At 18:00 UTC November 9, Melissa peaked as a record latest category 5 hurricane in the Atlantic basin, when it made landfall in south-central Puerto Rico, near the town of Santa Isabel. By 00:00 UTC November 10, the hurricane had crossed the entire island and emerged into the open Atlantic, still moving northeast, as a weakening category 4 hurricane. By 12:00 UTC, Melissa had weakened to a category 3 hurricane, with warming convection and a deteriorating eye structure. By 18:00 UTC, Melissa's eye completely collapsed as it weakened to a category 2 hurricane, over cooling sea surface temperatures. At 00:00 UTC November 11, Hurricane Melissa weakened to a category 1 hurricane, and started an extratropical transition. At 18:00 UTC, Melissa was downgraded to a tropical storm as it started to lose the last of its tropical characteristics. At 06:00 UTC November 12, Melissa was finally designated as an extratropical system, as it accelerated northeast. Shortly after 12:00 UTC, the National Hurricane Center removed the system from its Tropical Weather Outlooks.
Melissa was the most severe hurricane to strike Puerto Rico to date, when it made landfall in southern Puerto Rico as a 160 mph, 918 mbar category 5 hurricane, easily beating the Okeechobee Hurricane of 1928. Overall, $101.7 billion (2025 USD) in damages and 1,915 deaths were recorded to be resulting from the storm, almost all in Puerto Rico, making Melissa the costliest storm to hit Puerto Rico on record, beating Maria of 2017. However, it was not the deadliest storm in Puerto Rico, still trailing behind hurricane Maria. Several towns were reported to be devastated, with high storm surge and rainfall flooding reported all over the island. Impacts outside of Puerto Rico were overall minor, mostly caused by the gusty storm force winds and rainfall in the hurricane's outer bands. From a meteorological standpoint, Melissa was an extraordinary storm, being the only category 5 hurricane to take a northeasterly track starting in the Caribbean sea in the entire Atlantic basin. Melissa was also the latest forming category 5 hurricane in the Atlantic basin, and the only category 5 hurricane in the Atlantic basin to exist entirely within the month of November.
Storm names[]
The following list of names was used for named storms that formed in the North Atlantic in 2025. The names not retired from this list will be used again in the 2031 season. This was the same list used in the 2019 season, with the exception of Dexter, which replaced Dorian from the 2019 season after it was retired.
|
|
|
Retirement[]
On April 17, 2026, at the 48th session of the RA IV hurricane committee, the World Meteorological Organization retired the names Dexter, Gabrielle, Imelda, and Melissa from the naming list V due to the damages and deaths they caused, and they will not be used again for another hurricane. They will be replaced by Donathan, Genova, Ivy and Mahina for the 2031 season, respectively.
Season effects[]
| Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale | ||||||
| TD | TS | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 |
This is a table of the storms and their effects in the 2025 Atlantic hurricane season. This table includes the storm's names, duration, peak intensity, Areas affected, damages, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but are still storm-related. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave or a low. All of the damage figures are in 2025 USD.
| Storm name |
Dates active | Storm category at peak intensity |
Max 1-min wind mph (km/h) |
Min. press. (mbar) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andrea | May 17 – May 20 | Category 1 hurricane | 75 (120) | 987 | Yucatan, Cuba, US Gulf Coast | $75 million | 17 | |||
| Two | June 12 – June 13 | Tropical depression | 35 (55) | 1007 | None | None | None | |||
| Barry | July 8 – July 12 | Tropical storm | 70 (110) | 985 | Azores | None | None | |||
| Chantal | July 11 – July 16 | Category 1 hurricane | 80 (130) | 981 | Central America, Cuba, Florida, South and North Carolinas | $175 million | 19 | |||
| Dexter | August 17 – August 20 | Tropical storm | 40 (65) | 995 | Yucatan | $50 million | 357 | |||
| Erin | August 25 – September 1 | Category 3 hurricane | 125 (205) | 961 | Cabo Verde | Minimal | 7 | |||
| Fernand | August 31 – September 4 | Category 3 hurricane | 115 (185) | 958 | US East Coast | $20 million | 3 | |||
| Gabrielle | September 3 – September 9 | Category 2 hurricane | 110 (175) | 964 | Jamaica, Cuba, The Bahamas, North Carolina, US Northeast | $734 million | 34 | |||
| Humberto | September 9 – September 12 | Tropical storm | 50 (85) | 997 | US East Coast | $20 million | 2 | |||
| Imelda | September 18 – September 22 | Category 4 hurricane | 130 (215) | 947 | Central America, Yucatan, Belize, Mexico | $577 million | 67 | |||
| Jerry | October 2 – October 4 | Tropical storm | 40 (65) | 1001 | Trinidad and Tobago, South America | $3 million | 7 | |||
| Karen | October 7 – October 12 | Category 2 hurricane | 100 (155) | 973 | Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Cuba, Turks and Caicos islands, Bahamas, Florida | $100 million | 35 | |||
| Thirteen | October 17 – October 19 | Tropical depression | 35 (55) | 1003 | US Gulf Coast | $10 million | None | |||
| Lorenzo | October 27 – October 28 | Tropical storm | 40 (65) | 999 | Veracruz | Minimal | 3 | |||
| Melissa | November 7 – November 12 | Category 5 hurricane | 160 (260) | 918 | Puerto Rico | $101.7 billion | 1,915 | |||
| Season aggregates | ||||||||||
| 15 systems | May 17 – November 12 | 160 (260) | 918 | > $103.464 billion | 2,466 | |||||